# Noncredit ESL (NCESL) — Fall 2026 schedule MiraCosta College · 104 sections · Seat counts as of 2026-10-15 Source: https://surf.miracosta.edu/psc/ps/EMPLOYEE/SA/c/SSR_STUDENT_FL.SSR_CLSRCH_MAIN_FL.GBL Course descriptions: 2026-2027 catalog, /c/miracosta-college/catalog/2026-2027/courses/ncesl.md ## NCESL 10 — English as a Second Language, Level 1 (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2796 | 2796 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 8:30–11:35am, CLC115 | Aug 17–Oct 8 | Ryan Detwiler | 5 of 30 open | | 2797 | 2797 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 6:00–9:05pm, CLC115 | Aug 17–Oct 8 | Ilana Norris | Closed, 3 waitlisted | | 2798 | 2798 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 6:00–9:05pm, CLC103 | Aug 17–Oct 8 | Mona Elmaghraby | 7 of 30 open | | 2799 | 2799 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 8:30–11:35am, CLC115 | Oct 12–Dec 10 | Ryan Detwiler | Closed | | 2800 | 2800 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 6:00–9:05pm, CLC115 | Oct 12–Dec 10 | Ilana Norris | 3 of 30 open | | 2801 | 2801 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 6:00–9:05pm, CLC103 | Oct 12–Dec 10 | Mona Elmaghraby | 4 of 30 open | ## NCESL 15 — Multilevel Beginning English as a Second Language (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2892 | 2892 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed 6:00–7:30pm, Libby Elementary School | Aug 31–Dec 9 | Joselita Dunn | 13 of 30 open | ## NCESL 20 — Noncredit ESL Conversation Skills for Beginning Students (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2845 | 2845 | Hybrid | Tue/Thu 6:00–8:25pm, Carmel Valley Middle School; Plus online work | Aug 18–Oct 10 | Christian Vela Che | 13 of 25 open | | 2846 | 2846 | Hybrid | Tue/Thu 6:00–8:25pm, Carmel Valley Middle School; Plus online work | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Christian Vela Che | 14 of 25 open | | 2847 | 2847 | In person | Mon/Wed 6:00–7:50pm, Jefferson Elementary School | Aug 31–Dec 9 | Christian Vela Che | 6 of 30 open | | 2848 | 2848 | In person | Mon/Wed 8:30–11:40am, CLC104 | Aug 17–Oct 7 | Julie Graboi | 16 of 30 open | | 2849 | 2849 | Live online | Mon/Wed 6:00–9:10pm, Zoom | Aug 17–Oct 7 | Christian Ramirez | Closed | | 2850 | 2850 | In person | Mon/Wed 6:00–9:10pm, CLC104 | Aug 17–Oct 7 | Julia Cantu | 15 of 30 open | | 2851 | 2851 | In person | Mon/Wed 12:00–3:10pm, CLC104 | Aug 17–Oct 7 | Julie Graboi | 20 of 30 open | | 2852 | 2852 | In person | Mon/Wed 8:30–11:40am, CLC104 | Oct 12–Dec 9 | Julie Graboi | 15 of 30 open | | 2853 | 2853 | Live online | Mon/Wed 6:00–9:10pm, Zoom | Oct 12–Dec 9 | Christian Ramirez | Closed | | 2854 | 2854 | In person | Mon/Wed 6:00–9:10pm, CLC104 | Oct 12–Dec 9 | Julia Cantu | 12 of 30 open | | 2855 | 2855 | In person | Mon/Wed 12:00–3:10pm, CLC104 | Oct 12–Dec 9 | Julie Graboi | 9 of 30 open | | 2856 | 2856 | In person | Fri 8:30–11:35am, CLC104 | Aug 21–Dec 11 | Sou Lackkaty | 3 of 30 open | | 2857 | 2857 | In person | Sat 8:30–11:35am, CLC104 | Aug 22–Dec 12 | Aaron Kilmer | 10 of 30 open | | 3255 | 3255 | Hybrid | Mon/Wed 6:00–8:25pm, Oak Crest Middle School; Mon/Wed 6:00–8:25pm, Online | Aug 17–Oct 10 | Aaron Kilmer | 18 of 30 open | | 3256 | 3256 | Hybrid | Mon/Wed 6:00–8:25pm, Online; Mon/Wed 6:00–8:25pm, Oak Crest Middle School | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Aaron Kilmer | 16 of 30 open | ## NCESL 21 — English as a Second Language, Level 2 (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2817 | 2817 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 8:30–11:35am, CLC102 | Aug 17–Oct 8 | Mariana Silva | 13 of 30 open | | 2818 | 2818 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 6:00–9:05pm, CLC102 | Aug 17–Oct 8 | Jose Rodriguez-Castillo | 7 of 30 open | | 2819 | 2819 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 6:00–9:05pm, CLC105 | Aug 17–Oct 8 | Catherine Tapia | 10 of 30 open | | 2820 | 2820 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 6:00–9:05pm, CLC102 | Oct 12–Dec 10 | Jose Rodriguez-Castillo | Closed | | 2821 | 2821 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 8:30–11:35am, CLC102 | Oct 12–Dec 10 | Mariana Silva | 9 of 30 open | | 2822 | 2822 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 6:00–9:05pm, CLC105 | Oct 12–Dec 10 | Catherine Tapia | 12 of 30 open | ## NCESL 22 — English as a Second Language, Level 3 (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2823 | 2823 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 8:30–11:35am, CLC111 | Aug 17–Oct 8 | Carolyn MacLean | 1 of 30 open | | 2824 | 2824 | Live online | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 8:30–11:35am, Zoom | Aug 17–Oct 8 | Morella Bermudez | 10 of 30 open | | 2825 | 2825 | Live online | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 6:00–9:05pm, Zoom | Aug 17–Oct 8 | Hannan Hawari | 6 of 30 open | | 2826 | 2826 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 6:00–9:05pm, CLC108 | Aug 17–Oct 8 | Laura Waterman | Closed, 3 waitlisted | | 2827 | 2827 | Live online | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 8:30–11:35am, Zoom | Oct 12–Dec 10 | Morella Bermudez | 7 of 30 open | | 2828 | 2828 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 8:30–11:35am, CLC111 | Oct 12–Dec 10 | Carolyn MacLean | Closed, 1 waitlisted | | 2829 | 2829 | Live online | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 6:00–9:05pm, Zoom | Oct 12–Dec 10 | Hannan Hawari | 4 of 30 open | | 2830 | 2830 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 6:00–9:05pm, CLC108 | Oct 12–Dec 10 | Laura Waterman | Closed, 6 waitlisted | ## NCESL 23 — Reading and Writing for Beginning Level Students (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2872 | 2872 | In person | Tue/Thu 12:00–3:05pm, CLC102 | Aug 18–Oct 8 | Tricia Hoste | 12 of 25 open | | 2873 | 2873 | Live online | Tue/Thu 6:00–9:05pm, Zoom | Aug 18–Oct 8 | Christian Ramirez | 5 of 25 open | | 2874 | 2874 | In person | Tue/Thu 12:00–3:05pm, CLC102 | Oct 13–Dec 10 | Tricia Hoste | 10 of 25 open | | 2875 | 2875 | Live online | Tue/Thu 6:00–9:05pm, Zoom | Oct 13–Dec 10 | Christian Ramirez | 7 of 25 open | ## NCESL 29 — Listening and Speaking Skills for Multilingual Students (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2726 | 2726 | In person | Tue/Thu 9:00–10:20am, CLC104 | Aug 17–Dec 12 | Doreen Ewert | 15 of 25 open | | 2727 | 2727 | In person | Fri 8:30–11:40am, CLC102 | Aug 28–Dec 11 | Madelynn Setvanpour | 11 of 25 open | ## NCESL 30 — Noncredit ESL Conversation Skills for Intermediate Students (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2858 | 2858 | Hybrid | Mon/Wed 6:00–8:30pm, Carmel Valley Middle School; Plus online work | Aug 17–Oct 10 | Doris Torres | 1 of 25 open | | 2859 | 2859 | Hybrid | Mon/Wed 6:00–8:30pm, Carmel Valley Middle School; Plus online work | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Doris Torres | 7 of 25 open | | 2860 | 2860 | In person | Tue/Thu 9:30am–12:35pm, Carlsbad City Library Lrn Ctr | Oct 13–Dec 10 | Ruth Gay | Closed | | 2861 | 2861 | In person | Tue/Thu 12:00–3:10pm, CLC115 | Aug 18–Oct 8 | Ruth Gay | 16 of 30 open | | 2862 | 2862 | Live online | Tue/Thu 8:30–11:35am, Zoom | Aug 18–Oct 8 | Hillary Hartman | 3 of 30 open | | 2863 | 2863 | Live online | Tue/Thu 12:00–3:10pm, Zoom | Aug 18–Oct 8 | Elizabeth Clarke | 17 of 30 open | | 2864 | 2864 | In person | Tue/Thu 6:00–9:10pm, CLC104 | Aug 18–Oct 8 | Mariana Silva | 7 of 30 open | | 2865 | 2865 | In person | Tue/Thu 9:30am–12:35pm, Carlsbad City Library Lrn Ctr | Aug 18–Oct 8 | Andrew Murray | 5 of 20 open | | 2866 | 2866 | Live online | Tue/Thu 8:30–11:35am, Zoom | Oct 13–Dec 10 | Hillary Hartman | 3 of 30 open | | 2867 | 2867 | In person | Tue/Thu 12:00–3:05pm, CLC115 | Oct 13–Dec 10 | Kristi Reyes | 5 of 30 open | | 2868 | 2868 | Live online | Tue/Thu 12:00–3:05pm, Zoom | Oct 13–Dec 10 | Elizabeth Clarke | 18 of 30 open | | 2869 | 2869 | In person | Tue/Thu 6:00–9:10pm, CLC104 | Oct 13–Dec 10 | Mariana Silva | 9 of 30 open | | 2870 | 2870 | In person | Fri 8:30–11:40am, CLC115 | Aug 21–Dec 11 | Lisette Abondanza | 10 of 30 open | | 2871 | 2871 | In person | Sat 8:30–11:40am, CLC115 | Aug 22–Dec 12 | Carmen Waszak | 11 of 30 open | ## NCESL 31 — English as a Second Language, Level 4 (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2809 | 2809 | Hybrid | Mon/Tue/Wed 8:30–11:45am, CLC106; Plus online work | Aug 17–Oct 10 | Crystal Carothers | Closed, 1 waitlisted | | 2810 | 2810 | Online + live | Mon/Tue/Wed 8:30–11:45am, Zoom; Plus online work | Aug 17–Oct 10 | Zakia Farouq | Closed | | 2811 | 2811 | Online + live | Mon/Tue/Wed 6:00–9:15pm, Zoom; Plus online work | Aug 17–Oct 10 | Burcu Chatham | 7 of 25 open | | 2812 | 2812 | Hybrid | Mon/Tue/Wed 6:00–9:15pm, CLC106; Plus online work | Aug 17–Oct 10 | Lauren Flenniken | 1 of 25 open | | 2813 | 2813 | Online + live | Mon/Tue/Wed 8:30–11:45am, Zoom; Plus online work | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Zakia Farouq | Closed, 1 waitlisted | | 2814 | 2814 | Hybrid | Mon/Tue/Wed 8:30–11:45am, CLC106; Plus online work | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Crystal Carothers | Closed | | 2815 | 2815 | Online + live | Mon/Tue/Wed 6:00–9:15pm, Zoom; Plus online work | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Burcu Chatham | 3 of 25 open | | 2816 | 2816 | Hybrid | Mon/Tue/Wed 6:00–9:15pm, CLC106; Plus online work | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Lauren Flenniken | Closed, 1 waitlisted | ## NCESL 32 — English as a Second Language, Level 5 (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2831 | 2831 | Hybrid | Mon/Tue/Wed 8:30–11:45am, CLC105; Plus online work | Aug 17–Oct 10 | Katrina Tamura | 5 of 25 open | | 2832 | 2832 | Online + live | Mon/Tue/Wed 8:30–11:45am, Zoom; Plus online work | Aug 17–Oct 10 | Tricia Hoste | 14 of 25 open | | 2833 | 2833 | Hybrid | Mon/Tue/Wed 6:00–9:15pm, CLC111; Plus online work | Aug 17–Oct 10 | Brian Weldele | Closed | | 2834 | 2834 | Online + live | Mon/Tue/Wed 6:00–9:15pm, Zoom; Plus online work | Aug 17–Oct 10 | Dawn Bell | 11 of 25 open | | 2835 | 2835 | Online + live | Mon/Tue/Wed 8:30–11:45am, Zoom; Plus online work | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Tricia Hoste | 9 of 25 open | | 2836 | 2836 | Hybrid | Mon/Tue/Wed 8:30–11:45am, CLC105; Plus online work | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Katrina Tamura | 3 of 25 open | | 2837 | 2837 | Hybrid | Mon/Tue/Wed 6:00–9:15pm, CLC111; Plus online work | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Brian Weldele | Closed | | 2838 | 2838 | Online + live | Mon/Tue/Wed 6:00–9:15pm, Zoom; Plus online work | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Dawn Bell | 13 of 25 open | ## NCESL 33 — Reading and Writing for Intermediate Level Students (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2876 | 2876 | Online anytime | Online, no set time | Aug 17–Oct 10 | Eliza Rabinovich | 12 of 25 open | | 2877 | 2877 | Online anytime | Online, no set time | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Elizabeth Clarke | 7 of 25 open | ## NCESL 35 — Multilevel Intermediate-Advanced English as a Second Language (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2893 | 2893 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 6:00–8:05pm, Oak Crest Middle School | Aug 17–Oct 8 | Seth Cervantes | 14 of 30 open | | 2894 | 2894 | In person | Mon/Tue/Wed/Thu 6:00–8:05pm, Oak Crest Middle School | Oct 12–Dec 10 | Seth Cervantes | 14 of 30 open | ## NCESL 39 — Reading and Vocabulary Development for Multilingual Students (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 3063 | 3063 | In person | Tue/Thu 10:30am–12:00pm, CLC104 | Sep 1–Dec 10 | Doreen Ewert | 10 of 25 open | ## NCESL 40 — English as a Second Language, Level 6 (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2802 | 2802 | Hybrid | Mon/Wed 8:30–11:45am, CLC120; Mon/Wed 8:30–11:45am, Zoom; Plus online work | Aug 17–Oct 10 | Debra Poortenga | 6 of 19 open | | 2803 | 2803 | Hybrid | Mon/Wed 6:00–9:15pm, CLC120; Mon/Wed 6:00–9:15pm, Zoom; Plus online work | Aug 17–Oct 10 | Carla Stoner | 4 of 20 open | | 2804 | 2804 | Hybrid | Mon/Wed 8:30–11:45am, CLC120; Mon/Wed 8:30–11:45am, Zoom; Plus online work | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Debra Poortenga | Closed | | 2805 | 2805 | Hybrid | Mon/Wed 6:00–9:15pm, CLC120; Mon/Wed 6:00–9:15pm, Zoom; Plus online work | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Carla Stoner | 4 of 20 open | ## NCESL 45 — English as a Second Language, Level 7 (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2839 | 2839 | Hybrid | Mon/Wed 8:30–11:45am, CLC118; Mon/Wed 8:30–11:45am, Zoom; Plus online work | Aug 17–Oct 10 | Ruth Gay | 6 of 19 open | | 2840 | 2840 | Hybrid | Mon/Wed 6:00–9:15pm, CLC118; Mon/Wed 6:00–9:15pm, Zoom; Plus online work | Aug 17–Oct 10 | Kristi Reyes | 5 of 19 open | | 2841 | 2841 | Hybrid | Mon/Wed 8:30–11:45am, CLC118; Mon/Wed 8:30–11:45am, Zoom; Plus online work | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Ruth Gay | 3 of 19 open | | 2842 | 2842 | Hybrid | Mon/Wed 6:00–9:15pm, CLC118; Mon/Wed 6:00–9:15pm, Zoom; Plus online work | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Monica Cueva | 4 of 19 open | ## NCESL 49 — Grammar for Multilingual Students (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 3064 | 3064 | In person | Tue 6:00–9:15pm, CLC101 | Aug 25–Dec 8 | Carolina Rostworowski Stocco | 9 of 25 open | ## NCESL 53 — Advanced Grammar for Writing for Multilingual Students (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2730 | 2730 | Online anytime | Online, no set time | Aug 31–Dec 12 | Dailyn Brown | 10 of 25 open | ## NCESL 55 — Introduction to Academic Writing for Students from Multilingual Backgrounds (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2884 | 2884 | Hybrid | Mon/Wed 1:00–2:15pm, OC4612; Mon/Wed 1:00–2:15pm, Zoom; Plus online work | Aug 17–Dec 12 | Monica Cueva | 11 of 24 open | | 2885 | 2885 | Hybrid | Mon/Wed 2:15–2:50pm, OC4612; Mon/Wed 2:15–2:50pm, Zoom; Plus online work | Aug 17–Dec 12 | Monica Cueva | 11 of 24 open | | 3102 | 3102 | Hybrid | Mon/Wed 6:00–8:05pm, Zoom; Mon/Wed 6:00–8:05pm, CLC202 | Aug 31–Dec 9 | Maggie McGonigle | 10 of 24 open | | 3103 | 3103 | Hybrid | Mon/Wed 8:05–9:10pm, CLC202; Mon/Wed 8:05–9:10pm, Zoom | Aug 31–Dec 9 | Maggie McGonigle | 10 of 24 open | ## NCESL 57 — Introduction to College Composition for Students from Multilingual Backgrounds (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2890 | 2890 | Hybrid | Mon/Wed 6:00–7:35pm, OC4612; Mon/Wed 6:00–7:35pm, Zoom; Plus online work | Aug 31–Dec 12 | Sou Lackkaty | 11 of 24 open | | 2891 | 2891 | Hybrid | Mon/Wed 7:35–8:20pm, OC4612; Mon/Wed 7:35–8:20pm, Zoom; Plus online work | Aug 31–Dec 12 | Sou Lackkaty | 11 of 24 open | ## NCESL 62 — Workplace ESL (Advanced) (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2843 | 2843 | Online + live | Thu 6:00–9:10pm, Zoom; Plus online work | Aug 17–Oct 10 | Monica Cueva | 9 of 25 open | | 2844 | 2844 | Online + live | Thu 6:00–9:10pm, Zoom; Plus online work | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Monica Cueva | 11 of 25 open | ## NCESL 65 — English as a Second Language, Citizenship (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2806 | 2806 | Hybrid | Mon/Tue/Wed 12:00–3:10pm, CLC120; Mon/Tue/Wed 12:00–3:10pm, Zoom; Plus online work | Aug 17–Oct 10 | Leslie Lewis | Closed | | 2807 | 2807 | Hybrid | Mon/Tue/Wed 12:00–3:10pm, CLC120; Mon/Tue/Wed 12:00–3:10pm, Zoom; Plus online work | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Leslie Lewis | Closed | | 2808 | 2808 | Hybrid | Tue/Thu 6:00–9:10pm, Zoom; Tue/Thu 6:00–9:10pm, CLC118; Plus online work | Aug 31–Dec 12 | Mayra Lopez | 7 of 19 open | ## NCESL 81 — Basic Computers and Digital Literacy (BCDL) for ESL Students (Beginning Level) (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2878 | 2878 | In person | Tue/Thu 8:30–11:35am, CLC112 | Aug 18–Oct 8 | Julia Cantu | 6 of 24 open | | 2879 | 2879 | In person | Tue/Thu 8:30–11:35am, CLC112 | Oct 13–Dec 10 | Julia Cantu | 6 of 24 open | | 2880 | 2880 | In person | Thu 6:00–9:05pm, CLC112 | Aug 20–Dec 10 | Andrew Murray | Closed | ## NCESL 82 — Computers and Digital Literacy (CDL) for ESL Students (Intermediate/Advanced Level) (0 units) | CRN | Section | Format | Meets | Dates | Instructor | Seats | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2881 | 2881 | Hybrid | Thu 8:30–11:45am, CLC202; Thu 8:30–11:45am, Zoom; Plus online work | Aug 17–Oct 10 | Elizabeth Clarke | 3 of 25 open | | 2882 | 2882 | Hybrid | Thu 8:30–11:45am, CLC202; Thu 8:30–11:45am, Zoom; Plus online work | Oct 12–Dec 12 | Elizabeth Clarke | 2 of 25 open | | 2883 | 2883 | In person | Sat 8:30–11:35am, CLC112 | Aug 22–Dec 12 | Mayra Lopez | 6 of 24 open |